Retail Marketing and Logistics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retail Marketing and Logistics - Case Study Example This way they maintain good hold over quality and are in position to quickly phase off food items that outlive their utility. Gregg's have their own registered charitable trust and they are actively engaged in providing grants and donations for needy causes. Their social activities include the environment, children's cancer research, breakfast clubs that provide free, nutritious breakfast for primary school children in socially disadvantaged areas, and raise funds for children in need. Their exposure to these social activities gives them the advantage of maintaining good public relations and also the marketing thrust in new regions where they open shops. Their social obligations are noteworthy and they encourage their staff to be involved in these ventures. Apart from these, their emphasis on customer satisfaction is fundamental to their success. They also constantly review their product range to ensure quality, taste and value for money. Products that appear to lose popularity are taken off the shelves without much loss of time. The products on display reveal a rich variety of food items and invite the buyers to purchase and try them. The shop design is continually modified and refined to improve the shopping experience. They are also ever on the lookout for new opportunities to open shops in areas where they perceive their products have demand (Greggs). Along with Retail Marketing Mix Along with the vision to open shops wherever there is the prospect for business, Greggs ensure that there is good management of their staff and their products are made to customer's satisfaction. This hawkish policy of making their presence where there is need has provided the company with good growth results. The company boasts of a sound system alive to customers needs and just waiting for opportunities to open shops in populated areas of towns and cities. Their marketing strategy is intrinsically held together in wooing the customers through the use of benign staff and products expertise. The policy of being where the customers are is responsible for the expansion of their business and in addition the customers are made to feel that they are welcome. The art of beguiling the customers with a smiling staff and healthy, hygienic foodstuff needs alert management trained to prod the manpower in the right direction of retention and growth (Greggs the Bakers (Shop)). The investment in purchasing or renting the shop premises is augmented with skilful handling of people in house and outside. Use of Relationship Marketing for Competitive Advantage Relationship management in Greggs is an aspect that they have diligently nurtured to secure competitive advantage. It is not only the relationship among the staff but also the way this translates with the customers. Even if the shop or outlet is small in comparison to the

The Difficulty Limited and Extensive choices Essay Example for Free

The Difficulty Limited and Extensive choices Essay Abstract The conducted study is based on personal choice in limited and extensive choice experimental groups. It was conducted to further the research in choice overload and paralysis of the mind. The central aim was to assess if people in limited choice groups were more motivated to win, found it less difficult to choose and were more satisfied with their choice. Due to past research, results should indicate an evident slant for the limited choice group being more satisfied and finding it less difficult to choose. The  study recruited HPS121 students to participate in a limited and extensive choice experiment in context to hotels. There were 661 participants, each chose one hotel and where then surveyed using six questions; three demographic and three in regards to difficulty, motivation and satisfaction using a 7-point Likert scale. The findings supported the hypothesis and were consistent with past research. Satisfaction and difficulty of choice showed a statistically significant difference with limited choice groups finding it less difficult and ended more satisfied. Motivation wasn’t statistically significant however; the limited choice group were still more motivated to win. Society today has an explosion of choice and this study indicates that too much choice is causing choice overload and paralysis of the mind. Choice is great however, too much is damaging society. Social psychology is the study of how people or situations influence our feelings, thoughts and behaviour. Personal choice is a new study within social psychology and is highly important to research due to the ever-growing explosion of choices we are facing in today’s society. Schwartz (2006) discusses this stigma of more choice being attractive however; it’s decreasing people’s satisfaction and increasing paralysis of the mind. He states that extensive choice leads to greater expectations which leads to a decrease in overall satisfaction, self blame for not making the perfect choice, opportunity costs (i.e.; always wanting to do something that your not doing) and regret/anticipated regret. Mouse heart (2008) a radio host presenter spoke about the choice explosion occurring in today’s society with Hugh Mackay, who has conducted wide-ranging research on the issue of the paradox of choice. Hugh suggests that there is a rise of the options generation which are people ranging from 18-35 years of age who can be distinguished by the pace of change in their lives and how comfortable they are with the open option. Iyengar and Lepper (2000) conducted three studies into the research of limited and extensive choice that explored motivation and satisfactional differences between the two groups. Study one used a display of jams of which two could only be tasted. One condition involved a selection of six jams and the other a selection of 24 jams. The results were evident that the extensive group found it less motivating to buy any jam due to paralyses and choice overload. Study two Iyengar and Lepper (2000) involved essay topics of which the limited choice group chose from six and the extensive choice chose from 30. The topics were based on the film 12 angry men. Results showed in the extensive group that motivation was severly affected when it came to writing the essay and the quality was hindered. Finally study three involved chocolates and three groups, limited choice, extensive choice and no choice (control group). Fndings indicated that participants in the limited choice who tasted chocolate were far more likely to receive $5.00 worth of chocalate as payment for participating than the extensive group who mostly went for the money. The results are contradictory as people in current society have an abundant of choice and perceive it to be better, however; current research shows it may be more beneficial to limit choice. Our study tried to explore this in the motivation, satisfaction and difficulty differences across the two choice groups by conducting a study with six limited choice options and 24 extensive choice options. The study that Deakin university trimester two psychology students participated in was based on limited and extensive choice in context to hotels. This study aimed to replicate current findings on motivation and satisfaction and to test the hypothesis, a person who had fewer hotels to choose from would be more motivated to win the reimbursement, find it less difficult to choose and be more satisfied with their choice of hotel over participants from the extensive choice group. Method Deakin Hps121 students were asked to pick one hotel at which they would like to stay at and one lucky student would win a $400.00 reimbursement for there stay. Participants were split into two groups at random allocation. Half received a choice from six hotels (limited choice group) whereas the others received a choice from 24 hotels (extensive choice group). Once participants had chosen their desired hotel, they were asked a set of six questions, three of which were demographic and the remaining three were conducted using a 7-point Likert scale. Participants: Participants were from Deakin University studying Hps121 in trimester two. The study used a consequence sample randomly allocating participants into the two experimental groups, either extensive choice or limited choice. There were 661 participants in this study, 546 of which were female and 115 of which were male. The ages ranged from 18-66 years of age: (M=22.37 years, SD=7.51 years). Consent was gained through a disclaimer at the start of the survey, which stipulated and outlined the ethical issues. Materials: Photographs of four to five star hotels in Queensland, Australia, with descriptive words explaining the hotel were used. To test the hypothesis a 7-point Likert scale was used to indicate the participants satisfaction, motivation to win and the difficulty the experienced from choosing a hotel. Procedure: Students of Hps121 were asked to complete a survey at their discretion. One lucky student had the chance to win a $400.00 reimbursement for the hotel they chose in the study. Participants were then given a link to the survey  online via cloud Deakin. There was a consent form outlining the ethical issues and participants could either accept or decline to participate. The participants that voluntarily participated were then randomly categorised into the two experimental groups: one limited choice and the other extensive choice. Photographs of hotels that were four to five stars based in Queensland, Australia were then presented to the participants, the photographs had a few words description. The Limited choice group were able to choose from six hotels and the extensive choice group were able to choose from 24 hotels. After the participants had chosen they were then asked to complete a series of six questions, three of which were demographic based and asked for the student’s age, gender and also their student id number. The second three questions were based on a 7-point Likert scale that asked for the participant’s motivation to win, how hard their choice was and how satisfied they were with their choice of hotel. A t-test was then used to derive the results. In conclusion to the study conducted the extensive amounts of choice society is facing currently is damaging the population. Society is however built like this with technology ever growing and choices expanding everyday, therefore the population need to find a way to cope with the paralysis it’s causing. In any case the limited choice groups were far better off and showed higher rates of satisfaction, found it less difficult to make a choice and had slightly more motivation to participate. The study supported the findings from Schwartz, B (2006), Maushart, S (2006) and Iyengar and Lepper (2000). Showing us that extensive choice may be at first more appealing but not beneficial or appealing subsequently. References Iyengar, S. S., Lepper, M. R. When choice is demotivating: Can one desire too much of a good thing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2000, 79: 995-1006. †¢Maushart, S. (Presenter). Multiple Choice, Episode 1 -For the Options Generation, the paradoxes of choice abound -like the couple who lived happily ever afterand then got married. [Podcast radio programme]. (2008, February 20) Sydney: ABC Radio National. Retrieved November 4, 2013 from http://www.abc.net.au/reslib/200803/r229466_914710.mp3 †¢Schwartz, B. Too Much Choice. (2006, October 14) [Video] Retrieved November 4, 2013 from http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/barry_schwartz_on_the_paradox_of_choic e.html

Antigone :: essays research papers

Antigone is a play written by Sophocles that became a classic due to its controversial content. In this play, the Greek dramatist reflected mainly on Civil Disobedience. Antigone believes in the individual rights over the state rights. Creon, however, strongly believes in putting state over religion. The play does not only revolve on the political and religious issue, but also deals with the battle of the sexes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The play is about a strong-willed woman defying the laws of a proud king. Antigone is torn between her devotion to the gods and her loyalty to the king. Creon, ruler of Thebes, issued the order to leave the traitor Polynices’ body â€Å" to be left unburied, his corpse carrion for the birds and dogs to tear, an obscenity for the citizens to behold!† Antigone was not about to simply obey this absurd decree. She felt that her personal responsibility lies to the gods and her family rather than the king. She then asked Ismene, her sister, to assist her with the burial, but was denied of any help. She was disappointed at first, but later on decided that she will do this with or without Ismene’s help. Creon was warned about this and later found the culprit. He issued the death sentence for Antigone’s action. Creon informed his son, Haemon, of his fiancee’s deceit. Haemon, however, defended his beloved. He told his father that the whole city was on her side, but were afraid to say anything. He was instead accused of â€Å"being a woman’s accomplice†, â€Å"fighting on her side, the woman’s side.† Creon continued to threaten him with witnessing the execution of Antione. She was to â€Å"die, now here, in front of his eyes, beside her groom!† Haemon countered him with a threat of his own that he will never set eyes on him again if he continues this violence. Crion was apalled with his son. For that, Antigone was to die a very agonizing death. she was to be taken â€Å"down to some wild desolate path never trod by men, and wall her up alive in a rocky vault, and set out short rations, just the measure piety demands†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The prophet Tiresias warned Crion of the consequences if he does not release Antigone soon. He told him of his dreams that he would lose the people he loves if he continues to be stubborn and stupid. Creon admitted that the prophesies troubled him greatly.

Pansit Pansitan Research

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Early liquid hand soaps were made primarily for hospitals, restaurants and public facilities where regular hand washing was required. The original soaps were thicker and required a particular type of pump dispenser to deliver the product. The dispensers were expensive in spite of the fact that they clogged easily and were in constant need of repair or replacement. This combination of problems kept liquid soaps out of the household for many years.Eventually, consumer demand for a home version of liquid soap could not be ignored, nor could the additional qualities the customer wanted from the soap be overlooked. Some wanted soap that would soften hands. Some wanted one that soothed irritated skin. Others wanted the antibacterial qualities found in medical versions. This opened the floodgates for the wide variety of liquid hand soap products found in the marketplace today. Pansit- pansitan (Peperomia pellucida) is a herbal medicine also kno wn as Ulasiman- bato, olasiman- ihalas & tangon-tangon in the Philippines.Pansit- pansitan can be found wild on lightly shaded and damp areas such as nooks, walls, yards and even roofs. Pansit- pansitan has heart shaped leaves, succulent stems with tiny flowers on a spike. There has been a study that the mothanolic extract of the plant has anti microbial properties. The extract from Pansit- pansitan (Peperomia pellucida), the compound showed significant antibacterial activity against 3 Gram- negatice bacteria (E coli, Staphylococcus aureus, S thyphi. )The researchers expect that the hand soap, using Pansit- pansitan extract as an active ingredient, will be more efficient and less expensive than the commercial hand soaps. Statement of the Problem 1. Can Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap be as good as the commercial liquid hand soap in terms of: 2. 1 total mean zone of inhibition? 2. 2 reactivity rating? 2. 3 inhibitory activity rating? 2. Is there a significant difference between Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of total mean zone of inhibition? . Is there a significant difference between the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of reactivity rating? 4. Is there a significant difference between the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of inhibitory activity? Hypotheses 1. Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap cannot be as good as the commercial liquid hand soap in terms of: 1. 1 total mean zone of inhibition? 1. 2 reactivity rating? 1. 3 inhibitory activity rating? 2.There is no significant difference between the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of total mean zone of inhibition. 3. There is no significant difference between the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of reactivity. 4. There is no significant difference between the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap and commerc ial liquid hand soap in terms of inhibitory activity. Significance of the Study Hand is prone in bacteria and can be a vector in transmitting various pathogens that cause diseases.If the Pansit- pansitan hand soap will be effective in reducing bacteria then this can benefit different people in many ways. One example are the manufacturers of liquid hand soap. Instead of using chemicals which are harmful and hard to find, the manufacturer may have to use Pansit- pansitan extract as an additive ingredient for hand soap. The results of the study can be a reference for future researchers. Scope and Delimitations This study primarily focuses on the use of Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap as an alternative in commercial liquid hand soap.The other components of making the liquid hand soap including triethanolamine gel solution, fragrance oil, polykleer, will be bought at Swiss Fragrance, located at Blk 2 Plot 1 April Extention Congressional Avenue, Quezon City. The researchers will be using 4 set-ups. The first 3 set-ups will be the experimental set-ups. They will be Set-ups A, B and C. Set-up A will contain 12. 5 mL of pansit- pansitan extract, 2. 5 mL of triethanolamine, 3. 75 mL of gel solution, 1. 25 mL of fragrance oil, 3. 75 mL of polykleer and 1. 25 mL of water. Set-up B will contain 18. 75 mL of pansit- pansitan extract, 1. 5 mL of triethanolamine, 1. 90 mL of gel solution, 0. 60 mL of fragrance oil, 1. 90 mL of polykleer and 0. 60 mL of water. Set-up C will contain 6. 50 mL of pansit- pansitan extract, 3. 75 mL of triethanolamine, 5. 60mL of gel solution, 1. 90 mL of fragrance oil, 5. 60 mL of polykleer, 1. 90 mL of water, Set- up D will be the commercial liquid hand soap which will be the control group. Only the anti-bacterial property of the Pansit-pansitan hand soap in terms of Total Mean Zone of Inhibition, Reactivity Rating and Inhibitory Activity Rating will be determined.To do this, all the samples will be submitted to the Department of Science and Tec hnology-Taguig (DOST-Taguig) for laboratory analysis. To analyze the results, they will be subjected to t-test. This will identify if there is a significant difference among the set-ups. Definition of Terms 1. Inhibitory Activity- the ability of a substance to resist the penetration of microorganisms such as bacteria. 2. Reactivity Rating- It specifies the rate at which the liquid hand soap reacts with the staphylococcus aureus. 3. Total Mean Zone of Inhibition- the region that resists the entry of microorganisms such as staphylococcus aureus.CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE Related Studies A study about Pansit –pansitan was conducted by the Department of Pharmacy, University of Bangladesh. In this study, Patuloside A (3-? -D-glucopyranosyloxy-1,5,6-trihydroxy-9H-xanthene-9-one) is a xanthone glycoside isolated from Peperomia pellucida using chromatographic techniques (TLC, PTLC, GC) and the structure was confirmed on the basis of spectral data (liquid chro matography/electrospray-mass spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR including JMOD, COSY, NOESY, HMBC, HSQC).In vitro antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of the compound were studied. Disc diffusion technique was used to determine in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Cytotoxicity was determined against brine shrimp nauplii. In addition, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution technique to find out antibacterial potency. The compound showed significant antibacterial activity against four Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus ? haemolyticus) and six Gram-negative bacteria (Escheichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonus aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi). The MIC values against these bacteria were ranged from 8 to 64  µg/mL. The compound showed weak antifungal activities against Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans. In cytotoxicity determination, LC50 of the compound against brine shrimp nauplii was 18. 24  µg/mL. (Retrieved from http://astonjournals. com/lsmr at 3:00 pm on January 21, 2012. )This study aims to check the antibacterial activity of various branded soaps against bacteria that are normally present in the environment. The proposed study includes selection of most common bacterial strains from the environment. Identification of bacterial strains was done by standard microbiological techniques, which include gram staining, biochemical testing and advanced identification by analytical profile index. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal activity of strains was performed by tube and micro titration method. Antibacterial soaps showed better MIC in comparison with beauty soaps.The most resistant bacterium to all the soaps is Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is obvious that antibacterial soaps have the antibacterial agents that can either kill or inhibit the bacterial cells. It might be possible that some bacterial strains become resistant which leads to their survival even at high concentrations of soaps. methyl red test, voges proskauer test, and nitrate reduction test following chesseborugh (Cheesbrough, 2001). For confirmation of gram negative bacteria, analytical profile index (biomereux) was performed according to manual instructions.The present study suggested that the choice of soap should be that which does not affect the facial tissues as well as effective against disease causing bacteria in a small amount. For the determination of MBC and MIC, soaps of daily use were employed Safeguard soap MBC is 250 mg/ml and its MIC was Safeguard is an antibacterial soap that has bactericidal observed at 125 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus. Safeguard is an antibacterial soap that has bacteric idalagents in it. For Pseudomonas aeroginosa (1) its MBC was at 500 mg/ml and MIC was at 250 mg/ml. If it is compared with the S. ureus i t clearly showed that it was killed at high concentration of soaps. The MBC of safeguard soap against strain of P. aeroginosa strain 2 was observed at 250 mg/ml and its MIC was observed at 25 mg/ml. For E. coli MBC was 125 mg/ml and its MIC was observed at 62. 5 mg/ml. Safeguard soap was used against Klebsiella pneumonia its MBC at 500 mg/ml and its MIC was observed at 250 mg/ml. The MBC of safeguard soap against this strain of Pseudomonas was observed at 250 mg/ml and its MIC was observed at 125mg/ml . If it is compared with the first strain of P. eroginosa two prominent differences were observed which showed that strain was more sensitive than the first one. Dettol soap showed MBC at 250 mg/ml and MIC was observed at 125 mg/ml against S. aureus. These values were compared to the values obtained from safeguard soap. These were almost equal to the values of safeguard. It might be estimated that the antibacterial activity of safeguard and dettol soap were almost the same against this organism. Lifebuoy red (antibacterial): This soap showed its MBC at 250 mg/ml and MIC was observed at 125 mg/ml against S. aureus.The comparison of safeguard, lifebuoy and dettol soaps revealed the equivalence of MBC and MIC values. It was also estimated that the organism might be sensitive to the antibacterial-soaps. -Lifebuoy-(Red)-is-also–an tibacterial soap, it showed its MBC against is Pseudomonas spp. At 350 mg/ml and MIC was seen at 175 mg/ml which much lower than safeguard and dettol soap. The antibacterial agents used in this soap showed more antibacterial activity in comparison with the above mentioned soaps. This soap showed its MBC at 250 mg/ml and MIC at 150mg/ml or close to it.For Escherichia coli and Klebsiella, this soap showed its MBC at 500 mg/ml and MIC was seen at 250 mg/ml which is very high concentration of the soap. These bacterial spp. showed resistance to the soap at a very low concentration and were killed at very high concentration. Staphylococcus epidermidis was killed at 175 mg/ml that is very low concentration of soap and it showed its MIC at 87. 5 mg/ml, the antibacterial agent proved to be efficient against this bacterium but this soap also killed other bacteria like Enterobacter, B. ubtilis at 350 mg/ml and there was no apparent growth observed on the nutrient agar plate. Lux is a beauty soap and was used against S. aureus to check its antibacterial activity. Lux contains Aloe vera which might have antibacterial activity. At 500 mg/ml, the Lux killed the bacterium but concentration was high as compared to the antibacterial soap. The MBC was observed at 500 mg/ml and MIC of the soap was 250 mg/ml. This revealed that Lux soap also showed antibacterial activity but not as much, than the other specific antibacterial soaps. It might also be possible that S. ureus was sensitive to the Lux soap. This soap showed its MBC at 700 mg/ml and it also showed its MIC at 350 mg/ml against Bacillus subtilis. This soap showed its MBC at 250 mg/ml and MIC at 125 mg/ml against Pseudomonas aeroginosa 1 that was almost equal to the Lifebuoy red, it might be possible that some natural ingredients such as extract of A. vera showed the antibacterial activity. The observation of Lux beauty soap revealed that these might posses’ germicidal activity. Palmolive beauty soap: It is beauty soap and was used against S. aureus.Although this was not an antibacterial soap but it showed it’s MBC at 500 mg/ml and its MIC was observed at 250 mg/ml. This showed Palmolive soap can kill bacteria. At 500 mg/ml the organism did not showed growth on the surface of the nutrient agar medium. This soap showed its MBC at 700 mg/ml and MIC was observed at 350 mg/ml against Bacillus subtilis this is equal or almost equal to the Lux beauty soap but it is very high in comparison to the Lifebuoy both red and white this might be possible that due to lack of specific antibacterial agent it did not showits MBC and MIC at low concentration. Lifebuoy white: It also showed the MBC at 350 mg/ml and MIC at 175mg/ml against B. subtilis. These values were equal or almost equal to the Lifebuoy red soap and lower than theDettol and Safeguard soap at 350 mg/ml there was complete absence of bacterial growth on the agar plates and at 175 mg/ml there was no growth. After 24 h of incubation, few colonies were observed. The MBC of soap against E. coli was observed at 125 mg/ml and MIC was 62. 5 mg/ml that is very low concentration of soap. The E. coli showed sensitivity for this antibacterial soap as it was killed at very low concentration.The antibacterial agent of Lifebuoy white soap might be efficient in killing the cells. For Pseudomonas and K. pneumoniae, the soap showed its MBC at 250 mg/ml and MIC was observed at 125 mg/ml. As this soap showed the MBC at 250 mg/ml and at this concentration no growth of the bacteria was observed. So, the soap is efficient in killing the bacterium at this concentration. For K. pneumoniae, Enter obacter spp. and B. subtilis, theMBC was seen at 350 mg/ml and MIC was observed at 175 mg/ml. Lifebuoy showed its MBC for S. epidermidis at 700 mg/ml and MIC was seen at 350 mg/ml.The organism was isolated from human skin and found Gram positive but it was killed at 750 mg/ml concentration of soap that was very high. Retreived from http://www. academicjournals. org/AJB at 3:10 pm January 21, 2012. Studies have examined the purported benefits of antibacterial soap without clear consensus about the results. Some studies have concluded that simply washing thoroughly with plain  soap  is sufficient to reduce bacteria and, further, is effective against viruses. Other studies have found that soaps containing  antimicrobial  active ingredients remove more bacteria than simply washing with plain soap and  water. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration  published reports that questions the use of antibacterial soap and  hand sanitizers  saying that it found no medical studies t hat showed a link between a specific consumer antibacterial product and a decline in infection rates. At one  conference, Dr. Stuart Levy, a  microbiologist  at  Tufts University, cites these studies to compare antibacterial action with  antibiotic resistance: â€Å"Dousing everything we touch with antibacterial soaps and taking antibiotic medications at the first sign of a cold can upset the natural balance of  microorganisms  in and around us, leaving behind only the ‘superbugs'.It has since been shown that the laboratory method used by Dr. Levy was not effective in predicting bacterial resistance for  biocides  like triclosan. [5]  At least seven  peer-reviewed  and published studies have been conducted demonstrating that triclosan is not significantly associated with bacterial resistance over the short term, including one study coauthored by Dr. Levy. Retrieved from   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Dirt on Clean: Antibacterial Soap v. Regular Soap†. CBC. ca. R etrieved 2011-03-30; ^  Lucet, JC; Rigaud MP, Mentre F, Kassis N, Deblangy C, Andremont A, Bouvet E (April 2002). Hand contamination before and after different hand hygiene techniques: a randomized clinical trial†. Journal of Hospital Infection  50  (4): 276–280. doi:10. 1053/jhin. 2002. 1202. PMID  12014900. ^  Gibson, LL; Rose JB, Haas CN, Gerba CP, Rusin PA (May 2002). Related Literature Pansit-pansitan (Peperomia pellucida Linn)  is a common fleshy shallow rooted herb that grows to about 15 to 45 cm in height in damp and lightly shaded areas. Pansit-pansitan has been used as food item as well as a medicinal herb for its analgesic, anti-arthritic, diuretic activity.The entire plant is edible both cooked or raw. Pansit-pansitan plant can grow wild but also grown as ornamental foliage. Pansit-pansitan is characterized by its shiny heart shaped leaves about 4 cm in length, growing from an erect translucent green stalks. Pansit-pansitan has tiny dot-like flow ers that grow from erect and slender green spikes that turn brown when matured. The fruits are also very small, round to oblong, ridged, first green later black. Tiny seeds drop off that grows easily in groups.Antibacterial soap  is any cleaning product to which active antibacterial ingredients have been added. These chemicals kill  bacteria  and  microbes, but are no more effective at deactivating  viruses  than any other kind of soap or detergent, and they also kill nonpathogenic bacteria. Most liquid hand and body soaps contain antibacterial chemicals. Triclosan  is a common ingredient. Since there is a great variety of bacteria, effectiveness against any given type of bacterium does not ensure that it is effective against unrelated types.These are generally only contained at preservative levels unless the product is marked antibacterial, antiseptic, or germicidal. Triclosan, Triclocarban/Trichlorocarbamide and PCMX/Chloroxylenol  are commonly used for antibacteri al and deodorant effect in consumer products. Some soaps contain  tetrasodium EDTA  which is a  chelating  agent that sequesters metals that the bacteria require in order to grow. Othermicrobes  also require metals and so it is actually an anti-microbial agent that is widely used even as a  preservative.It appears to be fairly harmless in the environment. CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY Research Design The study employed the experimental/ comparative study design since its focus is on the comparison of the antibacterial property of Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap. Procedure Table 1. Set-ups and Proportion of Pansit- pansitan Extract and Other Components Group| Set-up| Pansit-pansitan extract (mL) : Other components (mL)| Experimental| A| 12. 5: 12. 5| | B| 18. 75 : 6. 25| | C| 6. 25 : 18. 75| Controlled| D| Controlled set- up|The researchers prepared 4 set-ups. Set-up A is produced by combining 12. 5 mL of pansit- pansitan extract, 2. 5 mL of tr iethanolamine, 3. 75 mL of gel solution, 1. 25 mL of fragrance oil, 3. 75 mL of polykleer and 1. 25 mL of water. Set-up B is a combination of 18. 75 mL of pansit- pansitan extract, 1. 25 mL of triethanolamine, 1. 90 mL of gel solution, 0. 60 mL of fragrance oil, 1. 90 mL of polykleer, 0. 60 mL of water, Set-up C is prepared by mixing 6. 50 mL of pansit- pansitan extract, 3. 75 mL of triethanolamine, 5. 60mL of gel solution, 1. 0 mL of fragrance oil, 5. 60 mL of polykleer, 1. 90 mL of water, Set- up D was the commercial liquid hand soap which is assign as a controlled set-up. The researchers designed the formulations which designated the specific amounts of the extract and other ingredients to be added in a certain set-up. The researchers converted the percentage to volumes. Set-up A had 50% Pansit-pansitan extract and 50% other liquid hand soap components. Set-up B had 75% is to 25% and Set-up C had 25% is to 75%. The Pansit-pansitan plant was pounded using the mortar and pestle.The pounded Pansit-pansitan plant was filtered using a piece of cloth which is sterilized first before using to get the extract. After that, the components of the liquid hand soap such as triethanolamine, gel solution, fragrance oil, and polykleer were mixed together in a beaker following the proportions found in table 1. The mixture were placed in a canister and then brought to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Taguig for the anti-bacterial testing. The laboratory test conducted was the Disc Agar Diffusion Method using the bacterial strain of Staphylococcus aureus.Data obtained were recorded accordingly for each set-up. Statistical Treatment The statistical treatment used in this study is t- test for total mean zone of inhibition and reactivity rating and Modal measure of central tendency for the inhibitory activity. The researchers used T- test because the data collected were classified as independent samples and under the normal distribution. The t- test will provide more accurate values. Since the inhibitory rating does not have an equivalent numerical value, the researchers used the Modal measure of central tendency.The researchers did not include the f-test for the experimental set-ups because the results from the laboratory testing showed that the three parameters have the same values. Gathering of materials from Metrobank Garden and Swiss Fragrance Partition a pansit- pansitan plant and Gathering the extract Application of safety precautions and Preparing of lab gowns, hair nets, and shoe socks Formulation of compositions in different set-ups (A and B) Preparation of laboratory apparatus and chemicals needed Measuring of the chemicals according to the designated amountsCombination all the ingredients together based on the formulation given Segregation of different Set-ups into different plastics, named A and B Figure 1. Methodology and Process flow CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Table 2. Comparison of the Experimental and Control Set-up in Terms of Total Mean Zone of Inhibition Group | Set-up| Component Ratio of each Set-up| Average total mean zone of inhibition per set-up| Average total mean zone per group | Experimental| A| 50:50| 10mm| 10| | B| 75:25| 10mm| | | C| 25:75| 10mm| | Control| D| control| 11. 1mm| 11. 71| As shown in Table 2, the total mean zone of inhibition (the region that resists the entry of microorganisms such as staphylococcus aureus) of the experimental set-up A, B and C is 10 mm while in the control set-up, the total mean zone of inhibition is 11. 71. Group| Mean| Standard Deviation| t-value| Experimental| 10mm| 0| -2. 09| Control| 11. 71mm| 0| | Table 3. Summary of t-test for Total Mean Zone of Inhibition Table 3 displays the summary of t-test for total mean inhibition. Since the obtained t value of – 2. 9 is greater than the t critical value of -2. 13 at 0. 01 level, this means that the null hypothesis must be rejected. This means that there is a significant difference between the e xperimental group and the control group. Table 4. Comparison of the Experimental and Control Set-up in Terms of Reactivity Set-up| A| B| C| Average| Experimental| 2| 2| 2| 2| Control| 2| 2| 2| 2| Table 4 displays that all the set- ups including the experimental and control set- up are rated as 2 which verify that the zone of inhibition is limited under the specimen.Table 5. Summary of t-test for Reactivity Rating Group| Mean| Standard Deviation| t-value| Experimental| 2| 0| 0| Control| 2| 0| | Table 5 displays the summary of t-test for total mean inhibition. Since the obtained t value is 0, this means that the null hypothesis must be accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. Table 6. Comparison of the Experimental and Control Set-up in Terms of Inhibitory Activity Set-up| A| B| C| Experimental| +++| +++| +++| Control| ++| ++| ++|Table 6 prospects that the inhibitory activity rating for the experimental group is complete symbolized as (+++) and the inhibitory activity rating of the control group is partial (++). The average zone of inhibition (the region where microorganisms such as bacteria cannot penetrate within) of control set-up is 11. 71. Since the inhibitory activity (the ability of substance to avoid the penetration of microorganisms such as bacteria with respect to a specific area) is partial (symbolized as ++) this implies that the bacteria cannot penetrate within the zone of inhibition.Even though the area of inhibition of control set-up is bigger in diameter, the rating for its inhibitory activity is only partial while in the experimental group is complete even if its zone of inhibition is smaller. Furthermore, the reactivity rating 2, verifies that the zone is limited under the specimen. All interpretations were based on the guidelines given by the laboratory: Reactivity Rating: (It specifies the rate at which the liquid hand soap reacts with the staphylococcus aureus. 0- None (No detectable zone around or under specimen) – Slight (Some malformed or degenerated cells under the specimen) 2- Mild (Zone limited under the specimen) 3- Moderate (Zone extends 5 to 10 mm beyond specimen) 4- Severe ( Zone extends greater than 10 mm beyond specimen) Since all the replicates showed that the reactivity rating is 2, it means that the zone is limited under the specimen. Based on the United States Pharmacopoeia 30-NF 25, 2007 <87> Biological Reactivity Test; the Inhibitory Activity Rating are classified as: (+++) complete; (++) partial; (+) slight, and (-) negative.CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary of Findings After the experimentation and the analysis of the data, the researchers led to the following findings: 1. The total mean zone of inhibition for the experimental group including Set-ups A, B and C is 10 millimeters. 2. The total mean zone of inhibition for Set-up D or the control set-up is 11. 71 millimeters. 3. All the set-ups includ ing experimental and control groups have a reactivity rating of 2, which means that the zone is limited under the specimen. . The inhibitory rating for the experimental group is complete (+++) which means that it inhibited all the staphylococcus aureus within the zone of inhibition while the control set-up has partial (++) for it does not resist the entry of all the staphylococcus aureus within the zone of inhibition. 5. For the Total Mean Zone of Inhibition, the obtained t- value, -2. 09 is greater than t- critical value, -2. 13 at 0. 01 level. This means that the null hypothesis must be rejected.This means that there is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. 6. For the Reactivity Rating, the obtained value is 0, this means that the null hypothesis must be accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusions 1. Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap is somehow better than th e Commercial liquid hand soap in terms of total mean zone of inhibition and inhibitory activity and it is as good as the commercial liquid hand soap in terms of the Reactivity Rating. . There is a significant difference between the Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms total mean zone of inhibition therefore the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap is somehow better than the commercial hand soap in terms of the said parameter. 3. There is no significant difference between the Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of reactivity rating therefore the two liquid hand soaps is as good with each other in terms of the said parameter. 4.There is a significant difference between the Pansit- pansitan liquid hand soap and commercial liquid hand soap in terms of inhibitory activity therefore the Pansit-pansitan liquid hand soap is somehow better than the commercial hand soap in terms of the said parameter. 5. The variation of the amount of Pansit-pansitan extract showed no significant difference since the data gathered from the laboratory analysis in terms of Total mean zone of inhibition and Reactivity rating are of the same values which is 2 and 10 mm respectively. Recommendations Based on the conclusions, the researchers led to the following recommendation: 1.Future researchers may consider other parameters aside from the total mean zone of inhibition, reactivity rating and inhibitory activity. 2. Try to consider other plants which can be found in the backyard . 3. Determine the shelf life of the home- made liquid hand soap so as the users will be aware of the expiration date. 4. The usage of other statistical methods of obtaining data such as surveys, which may in turn, help support the outcome of the whole study. The survey must be done without bias, and as much as possible with the least discrepancy, to make it authentic and credible. Appendix A COMPUTATIONS Table 7.Total Mean Zone of Inhibition ( Experimental Group) XE(mm)| XE (mm)| (XE-XE)2| 10| 10| 0| 10| 10| 0| 10| 10| 0| | | (XE-XE)2=0| Table 8. Total Mean Zone of Inhibition (Control Group) XC (mm)| XC (mm)| (XC-XC)2| 11. 71| 11. 71| 0| 11. 71| 11. 71| 0| 11. 71| 11. 71| 0| | | (XC-XC)2=0| SDE= (XE-XE)2N-1 SDE= 03-1 SDE=0 General Formula for t-test: t=XE-XCn1-1SDE2+(n2-1)SDC2nE+nC-21nE+1nC SDC= (XC-XC)2N-1 SDC=03-1 SDC=0 Since the t-computed value is greater that t-tabulated value which is -2. 13, we should reject the H0. Table 9. Reactivity Rating (Experimental Group) XE| XE| (XE-XE)2| 2| 2| 0| 2| 2| 0| 2| 2| 0| | | (XE-XE)2=0|Table 10. Reactivity Rating (Control Group) XC| XC| (XC-XC)2| 2| 2| 0| 2| 2| 0| 2| 2| 0| | | (XC-XC)2=0| SDE= (XE-XE)2N-1 SDE= 03-1 SDE=0 SDC= (XC-XC)2N-1 SDC=03-1 SDC=0 t=XE-XCn1-1SDE2+(n2-1)SDC2nE+nC-21nE+1nC t=2-23-1(0)2+(3-1)(0)23+3-213+13 t=02+24(0. 81649658) t=0(0. 81649658) t= 0 Since the t-computed value is equal to zero, it shows that there is no significant difference between the reactiv ity of experimental and control group. Table 11. Inhibitory Activity | A| B| C| Experimental| +++| +++| +++| Control| ++| ++| ++| Modal is the statistical treatment to be used in the inhibitory activity of the Set-ups.The data is nominal, therefore the most suitable test for it is modal. Modal is the class that has the highest value. Based on observation, the Experimental Set-ups A, B, & C have the highest rating, +++ which means that the inhibitory activity is complete. In connection to the results, there is a significant difference between the Experimental Set-ups and the Control Set-ups. Appendix B (Photos of the Experimental Procedures) Figure 2. The image shows how the researchers pounded the Pansit- pansitan plant using the mortar and pestle Figure 3. The image shows how the extract from the Pansit- pansitan plant was filter Figure 4.The image shows the residue of the Pansit- pansitan plant after the filtration Figure 5. The photo shows the manual mixing of the Pansit- pan sitan extract and other components of liquid hand soap Figure 6. The photo shows the actual measurement of the gel solution Figure 7. The above photo shows the disc diffusion method done by the DOST laboratory Appendix C (Laboratory Results) BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www. academicjournals. org/AJB Life Sciences and Medicine Research, Volume 2010: LSMR- â€Å"Isolation and Bioactivity of a Xanthone Glycoside from Peperomia pellucida† , (January 21, 2012, 3:10 pm) â€Å"The Dirt on Clean: Antibacterial Soap v.Regular Soap†. CBC. ca. Retrieved 2011-03-30; ^  Lucet, JC; Rigaud MP, Mentre F, Kassis N, Deblangy C, Andremont A, Bouvet E (April 2002). â€Å"Hand contamination before and after different hand hygiene techniques: a randomized clinical trial†. Journal of Hospital Infection  50  (4): 276–280. doi:10. 1053/jhin. 2002. 1202. PMID  12014900. ^  Gibson, LL; Rose JB, Haas CN, Gerba CP, Rusin PA (May 2002). â€Å"Quantitative assessment of risk reducti on from hand washing with antibacterial soaps†. Journal of Applied Microbiology  92: 136S–143S. doi:10. 1046/j. 1365-2672. 92. 5s1. 17. x. PMID  12000622: Retrieved 2012-01-21, 3:40 pm. ttp://www. medicalhealthguide. com/articles/pansitpansitan. htm. www. medicalhealthguide. com , (January 21, 2012, 3:25 pm) http://www. statsoft. com/textbook/basic-statistics/#t-test for independent samples . Retrieved 2012-02-27, 9:00 pm. http://www. staff. vu. edu. au/mcaonline/units/statistics/statistics. html Retrieved 2012-02-27, 9:20 pm. Contact Persons * Department of Science and Technology (Standards and Testing Division) Mr. Marlon SA. Aguinaldo- Tel no. 837-20-71 to 82 local 2188, 2189 * Swiss Fragrance- Tel no. 927-59-74 * Ferissa B. Ablola- Tel no. 472-43-30

Chase Strategy Essay

What are some of the challenges associated with using the chase strategy and why? The chase strategy is one of three production strategies for aggregate planning in use today. Chase strategy is a form of demand matching. This is done by forecasting the expected demand set by previous sales or projected sales. The purpose of this is to meet or match the demand of their customers. It is also an appropriate strategy with variable demand such as seasonal items. The chase strategy is mostly used in service based industry that concentrate on meeting demand. Due to the unforeseen forecast, the company must hire and fire their employee to meet the production needs. United parcel service and Wal-Mart are examples of companies that use chase strategy. During the holiday season beginning in November, United Parcel Service and Wal-Mart hire seasonal workers to meet the increase in volume. This means that both of these companies expect to be busy and the opportunity to generate revenue is availab le if they have the correct number of employees in place. A primary advantage is the flexibility to meet demand fluctuations. Another advantage is both of these companies do not have to pay for benefits such as medical, dental, or provide retirement since these employees are not vested. According to Seeking Alpha, United Parcel Service expects to pick up 32 million packages on December 2, 2013, which is the first Monday after Thanksgiving and known as Cyber Monday, this will be more packages than 10% last year. On Cyber Monday, online retailers provide steep discounts for holiday shoppers. To handle this increased workload in the holiday season, UPS will hire 55,000 seasonal employees across the U.S. Reference: How This Holiday Season Will Be A Blessing For UPS. (2013, November 3). Retrieved September 26, 2014, from http://seekingalpha.com/article/1800442-how-this-holiday-season-will-be-a-blessing-for-ups

Cuneiform - Mesopotamian Writing in Wedges

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Cuneiform used for keeping momentous historical records was sometimes chiseled into stone. Decipherment Cracking the cuneiform script was a puzzle for centuries, the solution for which was attempted by numerous scholars. A few major breakthroughs in the 18th and 19th centuries led to its eventual decipherment. The Danish king Frederik V (1746-1766) sent six men to the Arab world to answer scientific and natural history questions and learn the customs. The Royal Danish Arabia Expedition (1761-1767) was comprised of a natural historian, a philologist, a doctor, a painter, a cartographer, and an orderly. Only the cartographer Carsten Niebuhr [1733-1815] survived. In his book Travels Through Arabia, published in 1792, Niebuhr describes a visit to Persepolis where he made copies of the cuneiform inscriptions.Next came philologist Georg Grotefend [1775-1853], who deciphered but didnt claim to translate the Old Persian cuneiform scripts. The Anglo-Irish clergyman Edward Hincks [1792-1866] worked on translations during this period.The most important step was when Henry Creswicke Rawlinson [1810-1895] scaled the steep limestone cliff above the Royal Road of the Achaemenids in Persia to copy the Behistun inscription. This inscription was from the Persian king Darius I (522-486 BC) who had the same t ext bragging about his exploits inscribed in cuneiform in three different languages (Akkadian, Elamite, and Old Persian). Old Persian had already been deciphered when Rawlinson climbed the cliff, allowing him to translate the other languages. Finally, Hincks and Rawlinson worked on another important cuneiform document, the Black Obelisk, a Neo-Assyrian black limestone bas-relief from Nimrud (today in the British Museum) referring to the deeds and military conquests of Shalmaneser III (858-824 BC). By the end of the 1850s together these men were able to read cuneiform. Cuneiform Letters Cuneiform writing as an early language doesnt have the rules about placement and order as our modern languages do. Individual letters and numbers in cuneiform differ in placement and position: the characters can be arranged in different directions around lines and dividers. Lines of text can be horizontal or vertical, parallel, perpendicular, or oblique; they can be inscribed written beginning from the left or from the right. Depending on the steadiness of the hand of the scribe, the wedge shapes may be small or elongated, oblique or straight. Each given symbol in cuneiform could represent a single sound or syllable. For example, according to Windfuhr there are 30 Ugaritic word-related symbols that are made anywhere from 1-7 wedge shapes, while Old Persian had 36 phonic signs made with 1-5 wedges. The Babylonian language used over 500 cuneiform symbols. Using Cuneiform Originally created to communicate in Sumerian, cuneiform proved very useful for the Mesopotamians, and by 2000 BC, the characters were used to write other languages used throughout the region including Akkadian, Hurrian, Elamite, and Urartian. In time the consonantal script of Akkadian replaced cuneiform; the last known example of the use of cuneiform dates to the first century AD. Cuneiform was written by usually anonymous palace and temple scribes, known as dubsars in early Sumerian, and umbisag or tupsarru (tablet writer) in Akkadian. Although its earliest use was for accounting purposes, cuneiform was also used for historical records such as the Behistun inscription, legal records including the Code of Hammurabi, and poetry like the  Epic of Gilgamesh. Cuneiform was also used for administrative records, accounting, mathematics, astronomy, astrology, medicine, divination, and literary texts, including mythology, religion, proverbs, and folk literature. Sources The Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative is an excellent source of information, including a sign list for cuneiform written between 3300-2000 BC. This entry was updated by N.S. Gill Cathcart KJ. 2011. The earliest contributions to the decipherment of Sumerian and Akkadian. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2011(001).Couture P. 1984. BA Portrait: Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson: Pioneer Cuneiformist. The Biblical Archaeologist 47(3):143-145.Garbutt D. 1984. The significance of ancient Mesopotamia in accounting history. The Accounting Historians Journal 11(1): 83-101.Lucas CJ. 1979. The Scribal Tablet-House in Ancient Mesopotamia. History of Education Quarterly 19(3): 305-32.Oppenheim AL 1975. The Position of the Intellectual in Mesopotamian Society. Daedalus 104(2):37-46.Schmandt-Besserat D. 1981. Decipherment of the Earliest Tablets. Science 211(4479)283-285.Schmitt R. 1993. Cuneiform Script. Encyclopedia Iranica VI(5):456-462.Windfuhr G. 1970. The Cuneiform Signs of Ugarit. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 29(1):48-51.Windfuhr G. 1970. Notes on the old Persian signs. Indo-Iranian Journal 12(2):121-125.Goren Y, Bunimovitz S, Finkelstein I, and Nadav Na. 2003. The l ocation of Alashiya: New evidence from petrographic investigation of Alashiyan Tablets. American Journal of Archaeology 107(2):233-255.

MGT 448 WK 1 Self-Assessment Questions Essays

MGT 448 WK 1 Self-Assessment Questions Essays MGT 448 WK 1 Self-Assessment Questions Essay MGT 448 WK 1 Self-Assessment Questions Essay MGT 448 WK 1 Self-Assessment Questions BY ntta2660 MGT 448 Self-Assessment Questions Week One: Contemporary Global Business Environment Note: Answers to questions appear on the last page of this document. One of the two factors that seem to underlie the trend toward globalization is change in communication, information, and transportation technologies. The other factor is the demise of communism in Russia. declining trade barriers. the strength of the U. S. dollar and Japanese Yen. fewer international conflicts. the influence of the United Nations. Which is a consequence of the globalization of production and markets? In the last decade, world trade has not grown as quickly as world output. In the last decade, world trade has grown at the same pace as world output. Foreign direct investment has declined. Competitive pressures have decreased in multiple industries. Imports have become more prominent in the worlds industrial nations. are abstract ideals about what a society believes to be good, right, and desirable. Norms Social rules Values Cultures Traditions Pragmatic nationalism sees the multinational enterprise as an imperialist tool for exploiting host countries. True False In a(n) arriers to trade between member countries are removed, but each country determines its own external trade policy. customs union common market economic union free trade area political union Proponents of globalization believe all of the following EXCEPT: Falling barriers to international trade and investment drive the global economy toward greater prosperity. Increased international trade and cross-border investment will result in lower prices for goods. Increased international trade and cross-border investment force businesses to move manufacturing Jobs to countries where labor wages are lower. Globalization raises the incomes of consumers. It creates Jobs in countries that choose to participate in global trading systems. Critics of globalization are concerned that free trade encourages firms to move manufacturing facilities to nations that are developing, but lack regulations to protect laborers and the environment. True Generally speaking, global corporations are the most common form of corporations. have no regional or national ties. have strong regional and national ties. are regulated by the European Union and the United States Government. have no tax liability. MGT 448 Self-Assessment Answers

Definition and Examples of the Fallacy of Equivocation

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Street Food Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Street Food Marketing - Essay Example The target consumer for our food production is the low and middle-income class consumers. Based on behavioral statistics, these consumers will most likely prefer to take food on from the street. This group of consumers constitutes the largest of Plymouth residents, which makes our market target quite promising. However, with the pot sticker dumpling being a new introduction into this area, the initial sales are not expected to be high as compared to similar street foods. Sales are expected to rise with more consumers getting aware of the food’s existence in the area. In the bid to create awareness, the business shall make adverts be posted on local food guide websites such as the eatoutdevon.com website. As the team seeks to introduce this unique food into this highly competitive street food market, three areas shall be focused on including the quality of the product as compared to similar foods. Other areas will include legal requirements and registration, consumer behavior and reaction, and the level of competition and impact on the business. Concerning the quality of the pot sticker dumplings, the team will consider hiring professional chef highly experienced in the making of this product. If the food is of its best quality, the consumers’ reaction is expected to be positive and thus will influence their tendency to buy more. While the government of Plymouth requires every business seeking operational permits to trade, special licenses are offered to street food vendors based on authorized locations to trade.

Environmental Leaders and Laggards in the European Union Essay

Environmental Leaders and Laggards in the European Union - Essay Example Moreover, the author also argued that the problem took place due to shortage in the administrative capacities for effectually implementing EU based environmental policies. It has been viewed in the article that the southern member provinces of EU did not possess adequate technical know-how, potential working staffs and well-structured infrastructures for applying as well as enforcing EU environmental based legislative policies. The author suggested that the southern member provinces belonging to EU should implement environmental policies competently for the purpose of developing their financial progression, increasing economic interests and most significantly generating employment. The effective execution of the EU environmental schemes or policies would ultimately promote the economic advancement of the different southern member provinces belonging to EU as well as enhance their environmental quality level by a greater extent. The author identified a significant reason which eventua lly restricted the southern member provinces of EU to implement EU environmental based policies effectively. The significant reason was that the southern member provinces belonging to EU possessed the political systems which were conventionally dominated by clientelism, disrespect and patronage for the public authority. On the basis of the article, the author argued that there lays significant disparities in meeting with the EU environmental laws throughout the different European member provinces which cannot be escorted.

Street Food Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Street Food Marketing - Essay Example The target consumer for our food production is the low and middle-income class consumers. Based on behavioral statistics, these consumers will most likely prefer to take food on from the street. This group of consumers constitutes the largest of Plymouth residents, which makes our market target quite promising. However, with the pot sticker dumpling being a new introduction into this area, the initial sales are not expected to be high as compared to similar street foods. Sales are expected to rise with more consumers getting aware of the food’s existence in the area. In the bid to create awareness, the business shall make adverts be posted on local food guide websites such as the eatoutdevon.com website. As the team seeks to introduce this unique food into this highly competitive street food market, three areas shall be focused on including the quality of the product as compared to similar foods. Other areas will include legal requirements and registration, consumer behavior and reaction, and the level of competition and impact on the business. Concerning the quality of the pot sticker dumplings, the team will consider hiring professional chef highly experienced in the making of this product. If the food is of its best quality, the consumers’ reaction is expected to be positive and thus will influence their tendency to buy more. While the government of Plymouth requires every business seeking operational permits to trade, special licenses are offered to street food vendors based on authorized locations to trade.

Songs comparison assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Songs comparison - Assignment Example On the other hand, Lenny Kravitz approach in the song American Woman implements the use of soft rock in the absence of solo guitars. It is arguable that the modern artist’s approach sought to incorporate the Rock genre to the RnB version. After listening to the songs critically, it is known that Lenny’s version developed a dilemma as the artist contested against being with an American woman while still wooing her. The latest version of the song indicates the advanced culture of individualism and independence in the female gender. Therefore, the two versions in â€Å"Rock† and â€Å"Soft Rock† versions create an atmosphere of male chauvinism towards the end of the songs. Arguably, any listener can judge on the point by paying critical attention towards the end whereby both artists highlight their discontent perception of marrying the American women with their current cultural practices. In conclusion, the two versions provoke the listener to judge that the female gender acquired employment opportunities and economic empowerment; hence, any willing suitors perceived the changes for

Strategic Recommendation for Music Essay Example for Free

Strategic Recommendation for Music Essay The music industry is an interesting field to analyze. Hence, this paper presented the situations that existed within the business in year 2000. Based from the recommendation of the supposed Head of Strategy of a leading music label, Sony BMG, this paper stressed the need to adhere to the principle and practice of business partnership as what author Knopper presented in his book â€Å"Appetite for Self-Destruction. In doing so, the paper made the public realized the benefits of entering into industry deal such as the cited partnership between Sony BMG and Napster. Strategic Recommendation for Music in 2000 It is year 2000 and today’s Age of Digital Technology rapidly turns music and practically the entire recording industry into a world where file transfer, sharing, swapping and distribution service flourish. The music industry digitally transforms, particularly improves or modernizes technologically. In fact, the contemporary setting of music now turns away from the structure of compact disc or CD files. This is due to a free, easier and more accessible means of getting and receiving songs which the business now calls downloading. With such kind of industry evolution, it is empirical therefore not to fight the present system head on. The industry instead needs to adapt to the current working and effective framework. Hence, it is an essential strategy for major music labels or big recording companies to form partnerships with other fields. The said approach allows the existing and thriving downloading system works to the advantage and benefits of both the industry and its people. Such practical recommendation makes Music Company stronger and is able to survive whatever challenges that the future of the business holds. This is the reality of music today. The world now experiences the advent of a new and more demanding period hence the situation calls for a strategic recommendation and decision. As 2000 signals the start of the fresh 21st century, such kind of condition facing the music industry requires for aggressiveness and adaptability or flexibility in terms of finding ways to fit into the present-day situation. To be more specific, Sony-BMG is one of the leading music organizations where such recommendation will work. This is because of the company’s adherence to and upholding of its corporate responsibility. That is, Sony-BMG dedicates itself towards the continued development of the industry thus the need to consider the cited suggestion. With such business approach, the company needs to plan and undertake an agreement with concern field that is into or relative to the in-thing system of music downloading. In doing so, the new system of downloading, which the Digital Age introduces, serves its own interest while at the same time helps major music labels such as Sony-BMG and assists the music industry in general to preserve the business and continue serving its market. The cited condition signifies the principle and practices of business partnership and merging which Steve Knopper (2009) clearly and effectively exemplified in his book â€Å"Appetite for Self-Destruction: The Spectacular Crash of the Record Industry in the Digital Age. † Taking into consideration the pieces of information concerning the problems besetting the music industry, the book implies the need for major music labels such as Sony BMG to merge and form partnership. Such strategic recommendation prevents any untoward event in the business particularly the â€Å"self-destruction† of the industry, with all its companies, workforce and public (Knopper, 2009). What the book recommends? The author discussed in the book the abrupt growth and collapse of the recording business that happened in a span of thirty years. Decades prior to year 2000 witnessed the changing of music styles or genres and most importantly, the extraordinary achievement of the compact disc or CD. This happened as CDs previously created the recording industry into a stunning and prestigious business worldwide. Such is the condition until the emergence of the system of music downloading specifically the technology of file-sharing which significantly harmed the music industry (Knopper, 2009). To be able to undertake a sensible and efficient recommendation for leading recording companies like Sony BMG to consider, it is fundamental for Knopper to present the painful reality that happened to the industry prior to 2000. That is, after a successful transformation from long playing albums then to CDs, the industry was caught off-guard by the contemporary system of music downloading and eventually file-sharing (Knopper, 2009). Prior to 2000, the music industry is in its heyday due to the success of the CD business. With the technology advancement in 2000, the author noted with concern how big recording companies including Sony BMG failed to adapt to the Digital Age which started on 2000. Hence, leading music companies like Sony BMG rejected the advent and significant implications of the technology of file-sharing. The industry’s denial specifically the wrong and harmful decisions that people behind recording companies did allowed for the arrival and eventual supremacy of technological advancement like file-sharing. This is where the book discussed about Napster’s revolutionary style of music business. With the dominance in 2000 of the file-sharing technology, which is carried-out through downloading of songs from Napster and eventual copying and distribution through MP3 files, the CD business and entire industry succumbed to various debacles that included legal battles (Knopper, 2009). To address the existing problem concerning the new format which began in 2000, the book then hinted on the need for music companies to come together. The author signified that this requirement is achieved through merging and partnership within the industry. To support such recommendation, Knopper cited the scenario when there was a need for industry rivals Sony Music and BMG to become friends. The author wrote: One of the first things Andrew Lack did as head of Sony Music was something that his predecessor almost certainly would have never†¦a friendship with rival. Rolf Schmidt-Holtz was chairman of BMG, which not so long ago, had fought like a prize fighter against Sony and the other major labels†¦ (p. 205) While the book is a recent material, the solution that it has recommended is applicable to year 2000. Hence, the recommendation for music companies to enter into partnership with other companies and even with Napster itself is a rational solution that could have prevented the eventual destruction of the industry (Knopper 2009). Emergence of Napster University drop-out Shawn Fanning introduced into the web a music file-sharing service that eventually revolutionized the entire music industry. The birth of Napster enabled people especially music-lovers to download software, free of charge, and eventually transfer share, swap and distribute songs. A year after it began its operation, 2000 became a battle-laden year for Napster as it was engaged in several legal fights. These legal disputes included cases hurled by universities, music personalities like the rock band Metallica and of course, various music labels or recording companies for reported copyright infringement (â€Å"Napster’s High and Low Notes,† 2000). Napster’s online rule and into the music world became a success among down-loaders in 2000. Since it is the year when music was highlighted by raging rock, teen pop and hip-hop songs, Napster became an instant sensation especially among down-loaders. Far from the concert venues and recording studios, the noise brought about by the industry was heard happening inside court rooms where cases against Napster are heard. However, it is worthy to note that despite the legal obstacles, Napster gained its legality in 2000, continued with its business and even formed partnership with music companies in an effort to show support to the industry (O’Hare, 2000). Of merging and partnership Beyond the issues and controversies that transpired in the music industry in 2000, it is to be noted that it was in the same year that probable solutions to the problems were identified. O’Hare said that hours before Napster is to be shut down, The U. S. Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the company when it ordered the continued operation of the file-sharing on the Internet in 2000. The fight by major leading music labels such as Warner Brothers, Universal, EMI, BMG and Sony went naught as Napster shocked both the online and music industries when it was legalized (O’Hare, 2000). As Napster became a legal component of the music industry, it appeared that the online music service resorted to partnership in an apparent effort to the accepted as part of the recording industry. O’Hare wrote that in October of 2000, the then only one-year-old company and its teen-ager owner got into an agreement with BMG’s parent organization, the Bertelsmann (O’Hare, 2000). It turned out that the purpose for the $50 million partnership is to accord an assurance that the market of Napster are assured of music downloading through the company. But this time, the deal specified a fee for artists’ royalties to be paid by Napster users. It was unfortunate though that the deal did not materialize as the market itself of Napster opposed the agreement. Aside from this, Napster continued with its legal battles in the succeeding years. If only the partnership pushed through, it could have determined the feasibility and effectiveness of the principle and practice of merging and partnership within the recording industry and even among business rivals (O’Hare, 2000). Recommendation from Sony BMG Head of Strategy In order to understand better the above-mentioned conditions, principles and practices, it is valuable to apply such elements during the year 2000. Since it is the period when the industry witnessed various incidents, it is just essential to apply the presented facts on such phase of the music industry. This is because in doing so, strategic suggestion may be formulated and eventually carried-out hence ultimately addressed, if not resolve, the whole situation presented before the recording business. First, it is useful to take note that it is year 2000 and the setting is currently taking place wherein the situation indicates that the Napster, with the rapid improvement of its online file-sharing service, challenges the peak of the CD business. Thereafter, Napster’s market is growing while the previous achievement of CD sales is nearing its end. This is where I entered the picture as the head of strategy for Sony BMG. As such, I was tasked to recommend possible solutions to the present problem. Such function will be performed in a way that I have to create proposal in accordance to what Knopper presented in his book â€Å"Appetite for Self-Destruction. † Cause and Effect To start with, it is logical for my recommendation to identify first what caused the downfall of the supposed success of the CD business prior to this year. After careful evaluation of the surrounding circumstances, it is now clear that the plunge of CD sales was brought about by the failures within the industry itself. This means that the major music labels created among themselves their respective downfall. This is primarily because if their adamant denial of the arrival of a new or fresh form of music business such as the one introduced and being enjoyed by Napster. This factor aggravates the obvious damaging decisions currently being done by the people behind these recording companies. Aside from the refuting the existence of the Digital Age, the leading music companies and the industry itself fail to see both the threat and benefits of technological advancement. In effect, these grounds are now being slapped on the faces of industry people and the music field in general. This can be done by immediately acknowledging the challenge being presented by Napster but most importantly, the advantages that it can definitely offer. Considering the current situation, it is now logical to accept and realize that Napster, with its introduction and control of the technology of online file-sharing, is presently revolutionizing the manner music was circulated years before 2000. There is now a need to correct the mistake of denying the existence and progress of Napster. Hence, it is now necessary to recognize the enormous potentialities that the Digital Age has to offer particularly the technology of online file-sharing. It must be realized by the industry and its people that there is now an imminent danger that the CD technology and other music means before year 2000 are likely to become totally obsolete. This kind of cause and effect analysis will somehow help in eventually accepting that any business, the music industry for that matter, is vulnerable to challenges. At the same time, it is valuable to always consider that the music industry is experiencing its low as far as the CD technology is concern but is definitely on its high level as regards the technology of file-sharing. It is through this approach that the industry specifically the recording companies will have an easier time at accepting and eventually supporting Napster’s contribution. Proposed Partnership and Merging Considering the above-cited principles and eventualities, I now therefore strongly recommend the practice of partnership and merging among recording companies. The underlying principle for this suggestion is primarily based with what Knopper discussed in his book. In the said material, the author emphasized and made the public realized the need and the benefits of resorting to having deals or agreements within the business and among music labels. As one of the leading recording organizations, it will be a rational undertaking for Sony BMG to form partnership or merge with another company. In fact, it is also highly recommendable for Sony BMG to become a business partner of Napster. This is because the said recommendation will not only pave the way for the company’s survival in the business but most importantly, Sony BMG will become part of the revolutionary effort to make the industry stable and competitive. As the one in-charge of the strategy of the corporation, it is now my recommendation for Sony BMG to aggressively push through with such plan of merging or partnering with other recording companies. If not with the rest of major music labels, it is suggested that it will be best for Sony BMG to enter into a business agreement or deal with Napster. In doing so, not only will Sony BMG will be assured of continued existence but the company is sure to carry-on with its mandate to support and contribute to the evolution of the music industry. How the recommendation works? In any recommendation, a clear and effective formulation and implementation are necessary. This is primarily how the proposal works and succeeds. Hence for Sony BMG, it is fist required that the purposes or objectives of the partnership are clearly identified. From there, I, as the head of the company’s strategy component, recommend that for year 2000, it is suggested that the aims of the proposed partnership between Sony BMG and Napster are limited into two. Thus, it is recommended that Sony BMG partners with Napster in order to save the company from eventual downfall while at the same time contribute with the effort to revolutionize the industry and the manner of serving the music public. After the creation of the objectives, it is now time to suggest on ways on how to carry-out such plans. The initial proposal to merge or form partnership is in itself an effective implementation of the objectives. This is because there is definitely a need to perform the proposed objectives and this can only be done by being involve and being part of the undertakings of Napster. In fact, such attempt will be positively welcomed as it is evident also with Napster that there is a requirement to enter into joint business among the major music label. The initiative on the part of Sony BMG will then be taken as a positive effort thereby is expected to similarly yield beneficial implications. In the implementation stage, it is my recommendation to Sony BMG to be open and flexible with many possibilities. As presented by Knopper in his book, even Napster itself manifests remarkable openness entering into further ventures with other fields that are also into the digital technology. As Knopper wrote, Napster did not hesitate to form partnership with other companies beyond the music industry such as its partnership with Nokia and other leading digital businesses (Knopper, 2009). With such flexibility, it is lastly recommended that the partnership be done in such a way that both companies, Sony BMG and Napster, will benefit and continue with its respective business interests. Hence, the proposed partnership will be implemented in accordance with important elements such as objectives, manner of implementation, expected outcomes, time table and most importantly, the required success of the two companies as well as the benefits and contributions of the recommended partnership to the entire music industry. Conclusion Business recommendation is directly aimed at working to the advantage of the system and its people. If we are to look at the situation of the music industry in year 2000, it is empirically essential to adhere to and uphold what Knopper presented in his book. That is, partnership among recording companies and revolutionary organization such as Napster is indeed beneficial for the entire field. With year 2000 as the period of discussion, it is practical to formulate and implement suggestions based on the requirements of the said phase of the recording business. Hence, with the downfall of the CD business and the dominance of the online file-sharing technology, it is logical for leading music labels such as Sony BMG to deal a business with Napster. As such, my suggested partnership between Sony BMG and Napster is objectively in accordance to the book’s principle that, in fact, there is nothing wrong with joining businesses but that such effort eventually resolve any existing problem such as the plunge of the CD sales. It is for this reasons that Knopper’s book and my recommendation ultimately serve their respective purpose and essence towards the benefit of the music industry in year 2000. References Business Week Online. (2000, August 14). Napster’s High and Low Notes. Business Week. Retrieved April 28, 2009, from http://www. businessweek. com/2000/00_33/b3694003. htm Knopper, S. (2009). Appetite for Self-Destruction: The Spectacular Crash of the Record Industry in the Digital Age. New York: Free Press. O’Hare, K. (2000). The Year in Music. Retrieved April 28, 2009, from http://www. infoplease. com/spot/00music1. html

Red Death Essay -- essays research papers

Edgar Allan Poe's short story entitled The Mask of the Red Death is an artistic example of vivid symbolism. Throughout the sinister tale Poe writes in a style that appeals to all five senses and captivates the reader's curiosity until the story's dour conclusion. Upon first glance, the story seems to be a complex tale of good versus evil. If the reader were to examine the story more deeply, they would then discover that the plot and symbolism intertwined throughout the narrative is no more than a simple metaphor for life and death. A quick synopsis of the story tells the account of the affluent and overly confident Prince Prospero and his faulted attempt to escape death. Poe illustrates that Prospero is blinded by his riches and believes that he can escape death. A heavy dose of figurative language is used to create a struggle in which the mood goes from elation to somberness in just a mere three pages. The characters of the story are well defined in that the reader can ascertain certain traits, good or bad, of the characters. For instance, Poe writes, "When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand hale and light-hearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court." (Poe 41) This line identifies the Prince as a smug, insecure, and even foolish character all while foreshadowing a dark conclusion. These lines identify the Prince as the axis of the story by illustrating a few ... Red Death Essay -- essays research papers Edgar Allan Poe's short story entitled The Mask of the Red Death is an artistic example of vivid symbolism. Throughout the sinister tale Poe writes in a style that appeals to all five senses and captivates the reader's curiosity until the story's dour conclusion. Upon first glance, the story seems to be a complex tale of good versus evil. If the reader were to examine the story more deeply, they would then discover that the plot and symbolism intertwined throughout the narrative is no more than a simple metaphor for life and death. A quick synopsis of the story tells the account of the affluent and overly confident Prince Prospero and his faulted attempt to escape death. Poe illustrates that Prospero is blinded by his riches and believes that he can escape death. A heavy dose of figurative language is used to create a struggle in which the mood goes from elation to somberness in just a mere three pages. The characters of the story are well defined in that the reader can ascertain certain traits, good or bad, of the characters. For instance, Poe writes, "When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand hale and light-hearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court." (Poe 41) This line identifies the Prince as a smug, insecure, and even foolish character all while foreshadowing a dark conclusion. These lines identify the Prince as the axis of the story by illustrating a few ...

Essays --

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